HC-020K encoder - optical speed sensor, 2 pieces, 5 V

Product Overview

• Optical encoder for detecting motor speed and position
• Slotted optical switch principle with code disc, generating digital pulses
• Connection via three-pin header (VCC, GND, OUT)
• Supply voltage 4.5 to 5.5 V, detection frequency up to 100 kHz
• Can be connected directly to digital inputs or interrupt pins of microcontrollers
• Scope of delivery: two sensor boards, two code discs, connection cable
• Enables simultaneous detection on two motors or wheels

Product Description

An encoder of this type measures the speed and position of rotating shafts through optical pulse detection. The slotted optical switch consists of an infrared emitter diode and a phototransistor positioned opposite each other in a narrow slot. A slotted code disc is attached to the motor shaft and rotates through this slot. With each revolution, the edge of the disc interrupts the light beam several times, and the evaluation electronics convert these interruptions into digital square-wave signals.

The output signal is accessed via the third connection and can be connected directly to an interrupt input of a microcontroller, without having to pause the program loop. The current speed is calculated from the pulse frequency and the known number of slots in the code disc. With a supply voltage between 4.5 and 5.5 volts, the module is within the voltage range of common development boards and controllers. The maximum detection frequency of 100 kHz enables the measurement of rapidly rotating shafts.

The module is suitable for measuring the speed of DC motors, building encoders for robotic vehicles, and general pulse counting on rotating components. The scope of delivery includes two identical sensor-code disc pairs, allowing the module to be used simultaneously on two wheels of a vehicle to monitor both drive wheels independently or detect slipping and blockages. The sensor can also be used as a simple optical switch for object detection.

For operation, the supply voltage and ground must be connected to the pin header. The code discs must be attached to the motor shafts; mechanical coupling is the user's responsibility.

Safety Notice

The module is intended exclusively for building prototypes and for testing and development purposes and is not suitable for installation in household electrical circuits. Beware of rotating parts during operation to prevent crushing and abrasion injuries. If you have questions about the power supply or connection technology, consult a qualified electrician before commissioning.

Scope of Delivery

For operation, the supply voltage and ground must be connected to the pin header. The code discs must be attached to the motor shafts; mechanical coupling is the user's responsibility.