S8050 NPN transistor - TO-92, 40 V, 0.5 A
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Description
Product Overview
- Small NPN silicon transistor in a TO-92 package
- Breakdown voltage up to 40 V
- Collector current up to 0.5 A
- Current gain (hFE) typically 40–240
- Low intrinsic noise, suitable for amplifier applications
Product Description
The S8050 is a bipolar NPN transistor for low- to medium-power circuits. With a maximum breakdown voltage of 40 V and collector currents of up to 0.5 A, it operates within the voltage range of common logic boards and can be controlled directly from digital outputs with a base resistor.
The operating principle of a bipolar transistor uses two PN junctions. A small current into the base controls a much larger current between the collector and emitter. The variable current gain enables both switching applications and amplification of weak signals. Because the collector current and base current are related by the same ratio, the operating mode can be set using the base resistor, for fast switching or signal processing.
In switching mode, the S8050 functions as a switch for driving LEDs, small relays, or piezo buzzers, controlled by microcontroller outputs or sensor circuits. In an amplifier stage, it processes high-impedance sensor signals or weak audio signals before a power output stage. Typical scenarios include driving an LED from a sensor with a few milliamps of output current or preamplifying a microphone signal for an audio amplifier.
The S8050 requires base resistors in the kilohm range. Their value is determined by the desired current gain and the required collector current. The 40 V breakdown voltage limits its use to circuits below this voltage; the transistor is not suitable for mains-voltage circuits. The maximum collector current should always be observed. For longer operating periods without ventilation, a safety factor of approximately 50 percent of the nominal values is recommended.
Safety Notice
The S8050 is intended exclusively for building prototypes and for testing and development purposes. Work on high-voltage circuits is reserved for qualified electricians; if there is any doubt about the voltage withstand capability of a planned circuit, a qualified electrician must be consulted before commissioning. The component is not intended for installation in household electrical circuits or for continuous operation under maximum loads.
Scope of Delivery
- 1x S8050 - NPN Transistor, 40V, 0.5A