{"title":"Transistors","description":null,"products":[{"product_id":"2n7000-unipolarer-transistor-mosfet-60v-0-115a","title":"2N7000 MOSFET - N-channel, 60 V, 115 mA, TO-92","description":"\u003ch3\u003eProduct Overview\u003c\/h3\u003e \u003cul\u003e \u003cli\u003eUnipolar transistor (MOSFET) in a TO-92 package\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eBreakdown voltage up to 60 V\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eDrain current up to 115 mA\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eN-channel design for positive switching voltages\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eCan be driven directly from microcontroller pins\u003c\/li\u003e \u003c\/ul\u003e \u003ch3\u003eProduct Description\u003c\/h3\u003e \u003cp\u003eThis n-channel MOSFET is suitable for controlling loads from the digital outputs of microcontrollers. With a breakdown voltage of 60 V and a drain current capability of up to 115 mA, it is suitable for circuits with operating voltages of up to 60 V and loads in the medium current range, such as LEDs, relay coils, or small motors.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe gate is connected directly to a digital output. Just a few milliamps of gate current are sufficient to switch the transistor fully on. The gate-source voltage is typically 2 to 3 V for full conduction. This makes it compatible with both 3.3 V logic levels and 5 V standards. At a power dissipation of a few hundred milliwatts, an additional heat sink is usually not required in hobby projects.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe MOSFET can be used wherever signals from microcontrollers or logic ICs need to switch small to medium-sized loads. Sensor signal lines can use it to drive indicators, real-time controllers can control fans or pump motors, and digital outputs can switch relay coils for remote control of devices. This affordable standard component is also indispensable for such basic circuits in learning environments.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eMake sure to observe the pinout of the TO-92 package (Gate, Drain, Source from left to right) to prevent short circuits. If the drain current load is higher (over 200 mA continuously), the power dissipation should be calculated and a heat sink provided if necessary. A flyback diode across the inductive load protects the transistor from voltage spikes when switching off.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003ch3\u003eSafety Notice\u003c\/h3\u003e \u003cp\u003eThis transistor is intended exclusively for building prototypes and for testing and development purposes. Observe the correct polarity and pinout. Work in or directly on household electrical installations is reserved for qualified electricians; if you are unsure about the application, consult a qualified electrician.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003ch4\u003eScope of Delivery\u003c\/h4\u003e \u003cul\u003e \u003cli\u003e1x\u0026nbsp;2N7000 - Unipolar transistor, MOSFET, 60V, 0.115A\u003c\/li\u003e \u003c\/ul\u003e","brand":"Funduino","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":65997801619805,"sku":"F23105912","price":0.49,"currency_code":"EUR","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/1074\/5649\/5965\/files\/2n7000-unipolarer-transistor-mosfet-60v-0115a-funduino-3482284.png?v=1791494534"},{"product_id":"s8050-npn-transistor-40v-0-5a","title":"S8050 NPN transistor - TO-92, 40 V, 0.5 A","description":"\u003ch3\u003eProduct Overview\u003c\/h3\u003e \u003cul\u003e \u003cli\u003eSmall NPN silicon transistor in a TO-92 package\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eBreakdown voltage up to 40 V\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eCollector current up to 0.5 A\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eCurrent gain (hFE) typically 40–240\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eLow intrinsic noise, suitable for amplifier applications\u003c\/li\u003e \u003c\/ul\u003e \u003ch3\u003eProduct Description\u003c\/h3\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe S8050 is a bipolar NPN transistor for low- to medium-power circuits. With a maximum breakdown voltage of 40 V and collector currents of up to 0.5 A, it operates within the voltage range of common logic boards and can be controlled directly from digital outputs with a base resistor.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe operating principle of a bipolar transistor uses two PN junctions. A small current into the base controls a much larger current between the collector and emitter. The variable current gain enables both switching applications and amplification of weak signals. Because the collector current and base current are related by the same ratio, the operating mode can be set using the base resistor, for fast switching or signal processing.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIn switching mode, the S8050 functions as a switch for driving LEDs, small relays, or piezo buzzers, controlled by microcontroller outputs or sensor circuits. In an amplifier stage, it processes high-impedance sensor signals or weak audio signals before a power output stage. Typical scenarios include driving an LED from a sensor with a few milliamps of output current or preamplifying a microphone signal for an audio amplifier.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe S8050 requires base resistors in the kilohm range. Their value is determined by the desired current gain and the required collector current. The 40 V breakdown voltage limits its use to circuits below this voltage; the transistor is not suitable for mains-voltage circuits. The maximum collector current should always be observed. For longer operating periods without ventilation, a safety factor of approximately 50 percent of the nominal values is recommended.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003ch3\u003eSafety Notice\u003c\/h3\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe S8050 is intended exclusively for building prototypes and for testing and development purposes. Work on high-voltage circuits is reserved for qualified electricians; if there is any doubt about the voltage withstand capability of a planned circuit, a qualified electrician must be consulted before commissioning. The component is not intended for installation in household electrical circuits or for continuous operation under maximum loads.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003ch4\u003eScope of Delivery\u003c\/h4\u003e \u003cul\u003e \u003cli\u003e1x S8050 - NPN Transistor, 40V, 0.5A\u003c\/li\u003e \u003c\/ul\u003e","brand":"Funduino","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":65997813612893,"sku":"F23105911","price":0.3,"currency_code":"EUR","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/1074\/5649\/5965\/files\/s8050-npn-transistor-40v-05a-funduino-9532068.png?v=1791494568"},{"product_id":"bd139-bipolarer-npn-transistor-80v-1-5a","title":"BD139 NPN transistor - 80 V, 1.5 A, TO-92","description":"\u003ch3\u003eProduct Overview\u003c\/h3\u003e \u003cul\u003e \u003cli\u003eBipolar NPN transistor for switching and amplifying currents up to 1.5 A\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eBreakdown voltage up to 80 V\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eCurrent gain of approximately 40 to 250\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eTO-92 plastic package with three terminals\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eSuitable for prototyping and development on breadboards and circuit boards\u003c\/li\u003e \u003c\/ul\u003e \u003ch3\u003eProduct Description\u003c\/h3\u003e \u003cp\u003eAn NPN transistor from this series switches and amplifies DC currents up to 1.5 A in analog and digital circuits. The maximum permissible breakdown voltage of 80 V enables use in many standard electronics applications with operating voltages of up to approximately 60 V. The TO-92 package fits directly onto breadboards and simplifies the assembly of test circuits.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe transistor functions as a controlled current source. A small base current opens or closes the current flow between the collector and emitter. The current gain is within the usual range and enables base currents in the milliampere range for control. This makes the component ideal for controlling relays, motors, and LEDs from microcontroller outputs, as well as for signal amplification in multistage amplifier circuits.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eTypical applications include controlling an LED matrix or a small motor from a microcontroller board, amplifying sensor signals before processing, or controlling relay coils as an interface to higher voltages and currents. The low thermal load during short-term applications such as signal amplification does not require cooling measures.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFor stable operation, the base and collector resistors should be dimensioned according to the intended operating conditions. A protection diode in parallel with the coil is required when controlling inductive loads such as relays or motors. The manufacturer's datasheet contains the exact electrical specifications for limiting conditions and high-frequency applications above approximately 10 kHz.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003ch3\u003eSafety Information\u003c\/h3\u003e \u003cp\u003eObserve the correct polarity when installing the component in the circuit; reversing it can cause the transistor to fail. The product is intended exclusively for prototyping and testing and development purposes. It is not intended for installation in household mains circuits.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003ch4\u003eScope of Delivery\u003c\/h4\u003e \u003cul\u003e \u003cli\u003e1x BD139 - Bipolar NPN transistor, 80V, 1.5A\u003c\/li\u003e \u003c\/ul\u003e","brand":"Funduino","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":65997822460253,"sku":"F23105910","price":0.57,"currency_code":"EUR","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/1074\/5649\/5965\/files\/bd139-bipolarer-npn-transistor-80v-15a-funduino-7753069.png?v=1791494003"},{"product_id":"2n3904-npn-transistor-40v-0-2a","title":"2N3904 NPN transistor - 40 V, 0.2 A, TO-92","description":"\u003ch3\u003eProduct overview\u003c\/h3\u003e \u003cul\u003e \u003cli\u003eNPN transistor for switching applications up to 40 V reverse voltage\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eCollector current up to 200 mA\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eTypical gain factor (hfe) of 100 to 200\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eCurrent-controlled switch for logic outputs, LEDs, and small loads\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eTO-92 package, three leads for easy mounting on perforated circuit boards\u003c\/li\u003e \u003c\/ul\u003e \u003ch3\u003eProduct description\u003c\/h3\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe 2N3904 is an NPN transistor in a TO-92 plastic package and is primarily used as a switching amplifier for low to medium currents. With a maximum reverse voltage of 40 V and a collector current of 200 mA, it operates reliably in prototype applications with logic levels between 5 V and 3.3 V.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe component functions as a current-controlled switch. A small base current opens or closes the path from the collector to the emitter. The typical gain factor (hfe) of 100 to 200 means that a base current of only a few milliamperes is sufficient to switch collector currents in the double-digit milliampere range. This makes the transistor particularly valuable as a driver between microcontroller outputs and current-consuming loads.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eTypical applications include driving LEDs through a series resistor, switching DC motors in robotics projects, or amplifying sensor signals. The 2N3904 is also suitable as a fast switch in audio preamplifiers or for driving relay coils through a current-limiting resistor. In project builds, a single transistor can replace an IC, thereby reducing component costs.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe transistor requires no power supply other than the supply for the circuit being switched. A current-limiting resistor is always required for the base, as logic outputs cannot drive it directly. The 40 V reverse voltage prohibits use with mains voltages or high-voltage sources. In addition, a flyback diode is required when switching inductive loads such as coils or motors to absorb voltage spikes.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003ch3\u003eSafety information\u003c\/h3\u003e \u003cp\u003eThis component is not suitable for operation with mains voltages or for integration into household electrical circuits. It is intended exclusively for building prototypes and for testing and development purposes in the laboratory. When designing the circuit, observe the correct pin assignment (collector, base, emitter), and if anything is unclear, seek advice on safe operation before commissioning.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003ch4\u003eScope of delivery\u003c\/h4\u003e \u003cul\u003e \u003cli\u003e1x 2N3904 - NPN transistor, 40V, 0.2A\u003c\/li\u003e \u003c\/ul\u003e","brand":"Funduino","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":65997836026205,"sku":"F23105915","price":0.82,"currency_code":"EUR","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/1074\/5649\/5965\/files\/2n3904-npn-transistor-40v-02a-funduino-4937050.jpg?v=1791493637"},{"product_id":"transistor-bc547-npn-bipolartransistor-45v-0-1a-to-92","title":"BC547 transistor - NPN bipolar, 45 V, 0.1 A, TO-92","description":"\u003ch3\u003eProduct overview\u003c\/h3\u003e \u003cul\u003e \u003cli\u003eNPN bipolar transistor for switching applications and signal amplification\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eMaximum breakdown voltage: 45 V\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eMaximum collector current: 0.1 A\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eTO-92 package with three terminals\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eTypical current gain of 200, frequency-independent up to approximately 100 MHz\u003c\/li\u003e \u003c\/ul\u003e \u003ch3\u003eProduct description\u003c\/h3\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe BC547 is an NPN bipolar transistor in a TO-92 package for general use in circuits and as a signal amplifier. The component operates with a maximum breakdown voltage of 45 volts and a collector current of up to 0.1 amperes, making it ideal for weak signals and control circuits with low current loads.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe transistor amplifies base current into collector current with a typical gain of approximately 200. When used as an amplifier, the input signal can be driven with significantly lower currents than flow on the output side, allowing weak sensor signals or logic signals to be used directly to control outputs. The BC547 is also suitable for faster circuits up to around 100 MHz.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe transistor is used in logic circuits for inverting signals or driving loads, as well as in amplifier stages for audio or sensor measurement amplifiers. A classic application is buffering microcontroller outputs to control relays, higher-power LED arrangements, or motors with higher currents than the controller itself can provide. In detector and measurement circuits, the BC547 can also replace more complex ICs when only simple amplification or a switching transition is required.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe collector may carry a maximum of 0.1 A. Higher currents require a transistor with a greater current capacity. In addition, standard microcontroller boards such as Arduino and similar devices can easily provide the required base currents, so no additional driver circuitry is needed.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003ch3\u003eSafety information\u003c\/h3\u003e \u003cp\u003eTransistors are sensitive to ESD and must be stored and handled with protection against electrostatic discharge. The component is intended exclusively for building prototypes and for testing and development purposes; it is not suitable for continuous operation or installation in consumer products. If you are unsure about the correct wiring, consult a qualified electrician before commissioning.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003ch4\u003eScope of delivery\u003c\/h4\u003e \u003cul\u003e \u003cli\u003e1* BC547 NPN bipolar transistor 45V, 0.1A, TO-92\u003c\/li\u003e \u003c\/ul\u003e","brand":"Funduino","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":65997946028381,"sku":"F23106754","price":0.44,"currency_code":"EUR","in_stock":false}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/1074\/5649\/5965\/files\/transistor-bc547-npn-bipolartransistor-45v-01a-to-92-funduino-4513344.png?v=1791496275"},{"product_id":"s8550-pnp-transistor-40v-0-5a","title":"S8550 PNP transistor - 40 V, 0.5 A, TO-92","description":"\u003ch3\u003eProduct overview\u003c\/h3\u003e \u003cul\u003e \u003cli\u003eBipolar PNP transistor for switching applications in electronics\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eBreakdown voltage up to 40 V\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eCollector current up to 0.5 A\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eTypical current gain of 100 to 300\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eIn a TO-92 package, with three terminals: base, collector, emitter\u003c\/li\u003e \u003c\/ul\u003e \u003ch3\u003eProduct description\u003c\/h3\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe S8550 is a bipolar PNP transistor for building circuits and amplifier stages. With a breakdown voltage of up to 40 V and a maximum collector current of 0.5 A, the transistor is suitable for operation with 5 V and 12 V power supplies, as well as for controlling relays, LEDs, and low-power motors. The current gain is typically between 100 and 300, meaning that base currents of just a few milliamps are sufficient to switch the transistor on.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe component is controlled via the base. When a voltage is applied there, the transistor is off; when the base is pulled to ground, the transistor conducts and creates a conductive connection between the emitter and collector. This switching function makes the S8550 a universal switching element for digital circuits, for example, to switch signal sources, control outputs on microcontrollers, or drive load outputs. When operated directly with 5 V logic, however, a series resistor must be provided at the base to limit the base current.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe S8550 is used in audio amplifiers, switching regulators, and output drivers for digital signals. In prototyping, the transistor is often used to galvanically isolate logic outputs from downstream loads. For the circuit, only a suitable series-resistor network at the base and collector is needed in addition to the transistor itself, depending on the intended load.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003ch3\u003eSafety information\u003c\/h3\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe S8550 is not intended for installation in household mains circuits. The component is intended exclusively for building prototypes and for testing and development purposes. Make sure the transistor is correctly oriented when soldering it in; reverse polarity will destroy the component.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003ch4\u003eScope of delivery\u003c\/h4\u003e \u003cul\u003e \u003cli\u003e1x S8550 - PNP transistor, 40V, 0.5A\u003c\/li\u003e \u003c\/ul\u003e","brand":"Funduino","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":65997953106269,"sku":"F23105914","price":0.63,"currency_code":"EUR","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/1074\/5649\/5965\/files\/s8550-pnp-transistor-40v-05a-funduino-9925427.jpg?v=1791496047"},{"product_id":"transistor-bc337-bipolartransistor-npn-45v-0-8a-to-92","title":"BC337 transistor - NPN bipolar, 45 V, 0.8 A, TO-92","description":"\u003ch3\u003eProduct overview\u003c\/h3\u003e \u003cul\u003e \u003cli\u003eNPN bipolar transistor with a breakdown voltage of up to 45 V\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eMaximum current of up to 0.8 A\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eLow base current required, making it suitable for 3.3 V logic\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eStandard TO-92 package for direct use on perforated boards or breadboards\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eEasy control of loads such as LEDs, relays, or small motors\u003c\/li\u003e \u003c\/ul\u003e \u003ch3\u003eProduct description\u003c\/h3\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe BC337 is an NPN bipolar transistor in a standard package, primarily used for switching and amplifying circuits with manual or digital control signals. It is used wherever a microcontroller output cannot drive an external load directly and therefore requires an amplifier transistor.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe operating principle is simple: a small base current opens the path for a larger current flow from the collector to the emitter. With a breakdown voltage of up to 45 V, the component can also withstand higher supply voltages in industrial and hobby applications, while the maximum current of 0.8 A is sufficient for small loads. The low base current required means that the transistor can be connected directly to 3.3 V logic without the need for level shifting.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eTypical applications include switching individual LEDs or LED strips via a series resistor, controlling smaller relays or solenoid coils, and controlling slow DC motors with a few hundred milliamps. In practice, the transistor is often used to interface digital logic with a 12 V load, for example when switching a valve or reducing brightness via PWM signals.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFor safe operation, the base resistor must be calculated so that the transistor operates in switching mode and does not overheat. A transistor datasheet or an online calculator can help with this. For coils and relays, a flyback diode must be connected in parallel with the load to suppress the inductive voltage spike when switching off. The collector operating voltage must not exceed 45 V.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003ch3\u003eSafety notice\u003c\/h3\u003e \u003cp\u003eIncorrect wiring or overloading can cause the component to become hot or burn out. The component is intended exclusively for building prototypes and for testing and development purposes. When controlling consumers connected to household mains, consult a qualified electrician.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003ch4\u003eScope of delivery\u003c\/h4\u003e \u003cul\u003e \u003cli\u003e1x BC337 NPN bipolar transistor, 45 V, 0.8 A, TO-92\u003c\/li\u003e \u003c\/ul\u003e","brand":"Funduino","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":65997953368413,"sku":"F23106870","price":0.3,"currency_code":"EUR","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/1074\/5649\/5965\/files\/transistor-bc337-bipolartransistor-npn-45v-08a-to-92-funduino-6330678.jpg?v=1791496288"},{"product_id":"bd135-bipolarer-npn-transistor-45v-1-5a","title":"BD135 transistor - NPN bipolar, 45 V, 1.5 A, TO-220","description":"\u003ch3\u003eProduct Overview\u003c\/h3\u003e \u003cul\u003e \u003cli\u003eBipolar NPN transistor for switching applications up to 45 V reverse voltage\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eCollector current up to 1.5 A, suitable for medium-load switching operations\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eTO-220 package with high heat dissipation\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eCurrent gain of approximately 40 to 250, depending on the operating point\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eThree terminals, base, collector, and emitter, with standardized pinout\u003c\/li\u003e \u003c\/ul\u003e \u003ch3\u003eProduct Description\u003c\/h3\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe BD135 is a bipolar NPN transistor for building amplifier and switching circuits in prototypes and development projects. With a maximum reverse voltage of 45 V and an allowable collector current of up to 1.5 A, this transistor is particularly suitable for medium-power applications, such as driving relays, higher-power loads, or amplifying signals.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe transistor functions as a controlled current source between the collector and emitter, with a small base current switching on the significantly larger collector current. The TO-220 package with mounting hole allows heat to be dissipated through a heat sink if operating conditions require higher power dissipation. As a switch, the transistor operates with positive control signals applied to the base.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eTypical applications include driving high-brightness LEDs using PWM signals from microcontroller boards, switching 12 V motor controllers with logic outputs, or using the transistor as a driver for stronger relay coils. In amplification mode, the transistor can be used for bias regulation or signal conditioning. Its current gain of approximately 40 to 250, depending on the operating point, requires sufficient base current during switching for reliable turn-on. A series resistor at the base and, for inductive loads, a protection diode at the collector are common measures for safe operation.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe base, collector, and emitter terminals follow the standard pinout of the TO-220 package; the exact arrangement is specified in the datasheet. Operating and dimensioning the transistor requires familiarity with analog or digital circuits, as well as calculating series resistors for the base current.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003ch3\u003eSafety Notice\u003c\/h3\u003e \u003cp\u003eThis product is a semiconductor component for building prototypes and test circuits. It is not intended for installation in household electrical circuits. Work on or near electrical installations must be carried out by qualified electricians; if in doubt, consult a qualified electrician before setup.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003ch4\u003eScope of Delivery\u003c\/h4\u003e \u003cul\u003e \u003cli\u003e1x BD135 - Bipolar NPN transistor, 45V, 1.A\u003c\/li\u003e \u003c\/ul\u003e","brand":"Funduino","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":65997973225821,"sku":"F23105909","price":0.57,"currency_code":"EUR","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/1074\/5649\/5965\/files\/bd135-bipolarer-npn-transistor-45v-15a-funduino-7266068.png?v=1791495158"},{"product_id":"2n2222-npn-transistor-40v-0-8a-0-5w","title":"2N2222 Transistor - NPN, 40 V, 0.8 A, TO-92","description":"\u003ch3\u003eProduct overview\u003c\/h3\u003e \u003cul\u003e \u003cli\u003eNPN transistor for switching and amplification tasks\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eBreakdown voltage up to 40 V, collector current up to 0.8 A\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eMaximum power dissipation of 0.5 W\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eTO-92 package with three terminals\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eClassic general-purpose component for prototypes and educational projects\u003c\/li\u003e \u003c\/ul\u003e \u003ch3\u003eProduct description\u003c\/h3\u003e \u003cp\u003eThis NPN transistor is suitable for switching and amplifying signals in analog or digital electronics. The maximum breakdown voltage of 40 V and collector current of up to 0.8 A allow it to be used in many common circuits, provided that the power dissipation does not exceed 0.5 W.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe transistor is controlled by a small base voltage. This requires current limiting at the base connection using a series resistor to prevent damage to the transistor. When switching higher loads, the transistor acts as an amplifier for the control current.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eA typical application is controlling LEDs, relays, or motors from microcontroller outputs with limited drive capability. The transistor is also used in audio amplifiers and simple control circuits. The TO-92 package, with its footprint of just a few millimeters, makes it ideal for experimental setups on breadboards.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIn addition to a suitable power supply, operation requires a base series resistor whose value must be calculated depending on the circuit. The permissible operating limits must be observed, as excessive currents or voltages can cause immediate failure.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003ch3\u003eSafety information\u003c\/h3\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe transistor must not be connected to the electrical installation of the household mains supply. It is intended exclusively for building prototypes and for testing and development purposes. For circuits with higher voltages or currents, consult a qualified electrician before commissioning.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003ch4\u003eScope of delivery\u003c\/h4\u003e \u003cul\u003e \u003cli\u003e1x 2N2222 - NPN transistor, 40V, 0.8A, 0.5W\u003c\/li\u003e \u003c\/ul\u003e","brand":"Funduino","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":65998020280669,"sku":"F23105920","price":0.3,"currency_code":"EUR","in_stock":false}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/1074\/5649\/5965\/files\/2n2222-npn-transistor-40v-08a-05w-funduino-3287989.png?v=1791496351"},{"product_id":"transistor-ss9014-s9014-to-92-0-15a-50v-npn","title":"S9014 transistor - NPN, TO-92, 150 mA \/ 50 V","description":"\u003ch3\u003eProduct overview\u003c\/h3\u003e \u003cul\u003e \u003cli\u003eNPN transistor in TO-92 package\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eMaximum current 150 mA\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eBreakdown voltage 50 V\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eCurrent gain approximately 100 to 600\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eSuitable for switching applications and amplification up to medium frequencies\u003c\/li\u003e \u003c\/ul\u003e \u003ch3\u003eProduct description\u003c\/h3\u003e \u003cp\u003eThis NPN transistor switches and amplifies signals in circuits with up to 50 V breakdown voltage. The TO-92 package fits standard perfboards and breadboards. With a maximum collector current of 150 mA, the component is suitable for switching tasks, but not for directly driving high-performance loads such as powerful motors or LED groups with a total current of more than 150 mA.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe operating principle is conventional: a small current at the base controls a larger current between the collector and emitter. The current gain is between 100 and 600, which is fully sufficient for typical 5 V or 3.3 V logic signals. Since the collector-emitter voltage is below 0.2 V when saturated, the transistor functions as an almost ideal electronic switch.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe component is often used in circuit logic, for example to invert digital outputs from microcontrollers or to drive signals with a higher voltage, as long as the load remains below 150 mA. It can also be used to amplify sensor pre-signals, such as photodiode currents or weak audio signals, to usable levels.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe transistor requires a base bias voltage or base resistor for control so that the operating point remains stable. A more powerful transistor is required for directly driving loads above 50 V or currents above 150 mA. High-frequency applications above a few megahertz are not the focus of this component.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003ch3\u003eSafety information\u003c\/h3\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe transistor will be destroyed by incorrect polarity or overvoltage. The component is intended exclusively for building prototypes and for testing and development purposes, not for installation in household electrical circuits. Work on or near electrical installations must be carried out by qualified electricians; if you are unsure, consult a qualified electrician before commissioning.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003ch4\u003eScope of delivery\u003c\/h4\u003e \u003cul\u003e \u003cli\u003e1* S9014 transistor - TO-92, 0.15A\/50V, NPN\u003c\/li\u003e \u003c\/ul\u003e","brand":"Funduino","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":65998297563485,"sku":"F23106124","price":0.23,"currency_code":"EUR","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/1074\/5649\/5965\/files\/transistor-ss9014-s9014-to-92-015a50v-npn-funduino-2839455.png?v=1791495490"},{"product_id":"logic-level-converter-bidirektional-5v-zu-3-3v-und-3-3v-zu-5v-fur-arduino","title":"Bidirectional level shifter - 4 channels, 5 V to 3.3 V","description":"\u003ch3\u003eProduct overview\u003c\/h3\u003e \u003cul\u003e \u003cli\u003eLevel shifter for bidirectional communication between 5 V and 3.3 V logic\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003efour channels per module\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003ebased on a MOSFET circuit for fast signal transmission\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003epower consumption below 1 mA in idle mode\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003ecompact DIP design with 0.1-inch pitch\u003c\/li\u003e \u003c\/ul\u003e \u003ch3\u003eProduct description\u003c\/h3\u003e \u003cp\u003eA bidirectional level shifter enables communication between 5 V boards and 3.3 V modules that otherwise could not work together directly. The module uses a MOSFET-based circuit that adapts signals in both directions without requiring external switching components. This allows different voltage levels to be connected transparently.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe module provides four independent channels and requires only an external power supply with 5 V and 3.3 V. Its idle current consumption below 1 mA enables continuous operation without significant heat generation. The switching frequencies are in the MHz range, allowing even fast signals such as I2C or SPI to be transmitted reliably.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePossible applications arise wherever a single project combines different voltage families. A microcontroller board with 5 V logic can use it to read sensors with 3.3 V logic, while a 3.3 V system can simultaneously switch 5 V relays. The module is often used in mixed development setups, for example when expansion boards from different manufacturers need to work together.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe level shifter requires two separate power supplies with the correct polarity. The four channels can be configured individually according to the direction in which they are to transmit. If required, multiple modules can be cascaded to provide more channels.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003ch3\u003eSafety notice\u003c\/h3\u003e \u003cp\u003eCorrect connection polarity is required; reverse polarity will damage the module. This product is intended exclusively for building prototypes and for testing and development purposes and is not intended for use in household electrical installations.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Funduino","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":65998373552477,"sku":"F23108979","price":2.4,"currency_code":"EUR","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/1074\/5649\/5965\/files\/logic-level-converter-bidirektional-5v-zu-33v-und-33v-zu-5v-fuer-arduino-funduino-1086261.png?v=1791495923"},{"product_id":"transistor-tip120","title":"TIP120 transistor - NPN Darlington, 60 V, 5 A, TO-220","description":"\u003ch3\u003eProduct Overview\u003c\/h3\u003e \u003cul\u003e \u003cli\u003eNPN Darlington power transistor in a TO-220 package\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eCollector current up to 5 A, voltage rating up to 60 V\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eThree leads for through-hole mounting\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eMetal tab for attaching a heatsink\u003c\/li\u003e \u003c\/ul\u003e \u003ch3\u003eProduct Description\u003c\/h3\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe TIP120 is an NPN transistor in a Darlington configuration, in which two transistors are internally connected to provide extremely high current gain. This means that a small control current at the base is sufficient to switch a much larger current between the collector and emitter. The component is suitable wherever a microcontroller output needs to control a load with higher power consumption.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe TO-220 package with three through-hole leads fits directly into a standard prototyping board. The metal tab on the package allows a heatsink to be attached if heat losses occur during longer switching times or under high loads. 5 V logic levels are already sufficient to control the transistor, allowing direct connection to a microcontroller output or connection through a base resistor.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe transistor typically switches DC motors, relays, solenoid valves, lamps, or high-power LED strips whose required current exceeds the output capability of the microcontroller. The Darlington configuration is suitable for both switching applications and signal amplification.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eOperation requires only a suitable power supply for the load. Depending on the application, a base resistor for current limiting and possibly a heatsink and a flyback diode to protect against voltage spikes may also be required.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003ch3\u003eSafety Notice\u003c\/h3\u003e \u003cp\u003eIn switching applications with inductive loads such as relays or motors, a flyback diode must be connected in parallel with the load to protect the transistor from damage caused by voltage spikes. The component is intended exclusively for building prototypes and for testing and development purposes, and is not suitable for installation in household electrical circuits.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003ch4\u003eScope of Delivery\u003c\/h4\u003e \u003cul\u003e \u003cli\u003e1* TIP120 transistor\u003c\/li\u003e \u003c\/ul\u003e","brand":"Funduino","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":65998412906845,"sku":"F23106716","price":1.01,"currency_code":"EUR","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/1074\/5649\/5965\/files\/transistor-tip120-funduino-4551171.png?v=1791496566"},{"product_id":"toshiba-2sa1943-npn-transistor","title":"Toshiba 2SA1943 transistor - NPN, 230 V, 15 A, TO-220","description":"\u003ch3\u003eProduct overview\u003c\/h3\u003e \u003cul\u003e \u003cli\u003eNPN power transistor for medium to high current loads\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eJunction insulation (JEDEC TO-220 package)\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eContinuous collector current rating up to 15 A\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eCollector-emitter voltage up to 230 V\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eCurrent gain (h_FE) approximately 70 to 200 at 3 A\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eThermal degradation due to self-heating; a heat sink is often required\u003c\/li\u003e \u003c\/ul\u003e \u003ch3\u003eProduct description\u003c\/h3\u003e \u003cp\u003eThis NPN power transistor is suitable for switching applications and amplifier circuits involving the control of motor winches, heating elements, or other loads with higher current flow. The package's insulated junction enables safe mounting on insulated heat sinks without the need to additionally provide galvanic isolation between the transistor and the cooling surface.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe transistor switches or amplifies currents of up to 15 A and withstands voltages of up to 230 V across the collector-emitter path. The maximum power dissipation is approximately 125 watts, making a heat sink necessary at higher current loads or during longer operating periods to prevent overheating. Current gain varies depending on the operating point, so a base resistor ensures reliable saturation in precision circuits.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIn practice, this transistor is used, for example, in PWM-controlled motor drives, where the base is driven with pulse sequences in the millisecond range. It is also used in output stages for audio amplifiers or as a switch for AC solenoid coils up to 230 V. For operation without a heat sink, the current load remains limited to approximately 3 to 5 A; beyond this, thermal management is required.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eOperation requires a base current in the milliampere range, provided by a microcontroller output or a driver stage. Digital controllers generally supply the required 3.3-V or 5-V logic levels directly to the base. The base-emitter voltage is approximately 0.7 V; this value is subtracted when calculating currents.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003ch3\u003eSafety information\u003c\/h3\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe transistor can generate considerable heat at high current loads and switching frequencies; without adequate thermal resistance or a heat sink, the junction temperature quickly rises beyond the permissible limit and the transistor is damaged. This transistor is intended exclusively for building prototypes and for testing and development purposes, and is not suitable for installation in household electrical circuits. Work on or near electrical installations must be carried out by qualified electricians; if in doubt, consult a qualified electrician before commissioning.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003ch4\u003eScope of delivery\u003c\/h4\u003e \u003cul\u003e \u003cli\u003e1\u003c\/li\u003e \u003c\/ul\u003e","brand":"Funduino","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":66045622354269,"sku":"F23108078","price":3.9,"currency_code":"EUR","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/1074\/5649\/5965\/files\/toshiba-2sa1943-npn-transistor-funduino-2325941.jpg?v=1791489468"},{"product_id":"2n5551-bipolarer-npn-transistor-160v-0-6a-0-63w","title":"2N5551 NPN transistor - 160 V, 0.6 A, TO-92","description":"\u003ch3\u003eProduct Overview\u003c\/h3\u003e \u003cul\u003e \u003cli\u003eBipolar NPN transistor for current amplification and switching applications\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eBreakdown voltage 160 V, maximum collector current 600 mA\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003ePower dissipation up to 630 mW\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eTO-92 package with three leads\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eHigh current gain for low base currents\u003c\/li\u003e \u003c\/ul\u003e \u003ch3\u003eProduct Description\u003c\/h3\u003e \u003cp\u003eThis NPN transistor is suitable as a switch or amplifier in discretely constructed circuits. The maximum breakdown voltage of 160 V allows use in applications with higher operating voltages, which are typically sufficient for smaller learning projects but can also enable industrial control tasks.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe transistor acts as a current limiter and amplifier, using a low base current to regulate the flow of a large collector current. The maximum permissible power dissipation of 630 mW determines how long switching cycles may last without the component overheating excessively. A heat sink is often not required for short-term or pulsed operating conditions.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eTypical applications include driving relays through the base from microcontroller outputs, LED driver circuits for brighter lights, or amplifying weak sensor signals for subsequent measurements. The transistor also performs well in audio circuits with low impedances. The current gain is sufficient to convert milliampere-level signals into several-hundred-milliampere states.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe transistor requires no external power supply in addition to the switching voltage and works with the usual logic levels of microcontroller boards. Quiescent current is negligible as long as the base is not driven. In switching applications with inductive loads such as relay coils, a flyback diode must be connected in parallel with the load to limit voltage spikes.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003ch3\u003eSafety Information\u003c\/h3\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe component is not intended for installation in household electrical circuits and is intended exclusively for building prototypes, test circuits, and development circuits. Exceeding the maximum breakdown voltage or power dissipation may destroy the transistor; if you are unsure about the correct sizing, consult a qualified electrician before commissioning.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003ch4\u003eScope of Delivery\u003c\/h4\u003e \u003cul\u003e \u003cli\u003e1x 2N5551 - Bipolar NPN Transistor, 160V, 0.6A, 0.63W\u003c\/li\u003e \u003c\/ul\u003e","brand":"Funduino","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":66045644800349,"sku":"F23105918","price":0.27,"currency_code":"EUR","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/1074\/5649\/5965\/files\/2n5551-bipolarer-npn-transistor-160v-06a-063w-funduino-3456487.jpg?v=1791491022"},{"product_id":"bc549b-bipolarer-pnp-transistor-30v-0-1a-0-5w","title":"BC549B transistor - PNP bipolar, 30 V, 0.1 A, 0.5 W, TO-92","description":"\u003ch3\u003eProduct Overview\u003c\/h3\u003e \u003cul\u003e \u003cli\u003eBipolar PNP transistor for switching circuits with signals from microcontrollers\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eCollector-emitter voltage up to 30 V\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eCollector current up to 0.1 A\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003ePower dissipation up to 0.5 W\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eSmall TO-92 package for assembly on breadboards and perforated circuit boards\u003c\/li\u003e \u003c\/ul\u003e \u003ch3\u003eProduct Description\u003c\/h3\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe BC549B is a bipolar PNP transistor in a compact package. It switches smaller loads such as LEDs, relay coils, or motors using a control signal from digital outputs, such as a microcontroller board, with voltages up to 30 V.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe PNP switching principle operates based on the current-voltage relationship between the base and emitter. The small control current at the base pin controls the significantly larger current between the emitter and collector. This makes it possible to switch high voltage and current levels using weak control signals.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIn practice, the transistor is used in digital circuits, for example to activate an external relay with a GPIO pin of a microcontroller board or to control multiple LEDs that consume more current than the output pin can supply directly. It is also used as a switching stage in analog audio circuits or current-source designs.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe base requires a series resistor between the control signal and the transistor pin to limit the base current. The power dissipation of 0.5 W limits the maximum continuous load; at higher current loads, the duty cycle must be limited or an active heat sink must be used. The transistor is designed for operating voltages up to 30 V and does not require an intermediate switching module for higher voltages.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003ch3\u003eSafety Information\u003c\/h3\u003e \u003cp\u003eThis transistor is intended exclusively for building prototypes and for testing and development purposes. Work on or near electrical installations is reserved for qualified electricians. At currents or voltages corresponding to the datasheet limits, there is a risk of fire; current load and heat generation must be taken into account in the circuit.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003ch4\u003eScope of Delivery\u003c\/h4\u003e \u003cul\u003e \u003cli\u003e1x BC549B - Bipolar PNP transistor, 30V, 0.1A, 0.5W\u003c\/li\u003e \u003c\/ul\u003e","brand":"Funduino","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":66045656957277,"sku":"F23105916","price":0.63,"currency_code":"EUR","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/1074\/5649\/5965\/files\/bc549b-bipolarer-pnp-transistor-30v-01a-05w-funduino-8051662.jpg?v=1791491796"},{"product_id":"master-komponentenset-1390-teilig-dioden-widerstande-transistoren-kondensatoren","title":"1390-piece component set - resistors, capacitors, diodes, transistors, with or without box","description":"\u003ch3\u003eProduct overview\u003c\/h3\u003e \u003cul\u003e \u003cli\u003e1,390 electronic components in six categories\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eLight-emitting diodes, resistors, electrolytic capacitors, ceramic capacitors, transistors, and diodes\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eComponents with wire leads for soldering onto circuit boards or breadboards\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eIndividually sorted and packaged in small bags, optionally available with a plastic box\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003ePassive and active components without their own power supply or data interface\u003c\/li\u003e \u003c\/ul\u003e \u003ch3\u003eProduct description\u003c\/h3\u003e \u003cp\u003eThis component set brings together the basic building blocks for your own circuits: 1,390 components from six categories, including resistors, capacitors, transistors, diodes, and light-emitting diodes in several colors. All components are provided individually and must be wired or soldered by you.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eResistors limit current and set voltage levels. Electrolytic capacitors store energy and smooth supply voltages, while ceramic capacitors provide smaller capacitances and handle high-frequency tasks. Transistors switch or amplify signals and can be controlled with low control voltages. Diodes conduct current in only one direction and are used for protection or rectification. Light-emitting diodes indicate states visually.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe wire leads allow use on breadboards for test setups or direct soldering onto perfboards and printed circuit boards. The set covers typical requirements for soldering practice, assembling test circuits, and repairs, without the need to source individual components.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSoldering requires a soldering iron and solder. Storing all these components is therefore considerably more efficient than constantly purchasing them individually.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003ch3\u003eSafety information\u003c\/h3\u003e \u003cp\u003eSoldering produces fumes and heat; ensure adequate ventilation and wear suitable protective equipment. This set is intended exclusively for building prototypes and for testing and development purposes. Work on or near electrical installations must be carried out by qualified electricians; if anything is unclear, consult a qualified electrician before commissioning.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Funduino","offers":[{"title":"without box","offer_id":66045658104157,"sku":"F23107831","price":12.23,"currency_code":"EUR","in_stock":true},{"title":"with box","offer_id":66046246256989,"sku":"F23107902","price":12.45,"currency_code":"EUR","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/1074\/5649\/5965\/files\/master-komponentenset-1390-teilig-dioden-widerstaende-transistoren-kondensatoren-funduino-8401233.png?v=1791488113"},{"product_id":"transistor-set-mit-diversen-transistoren-npn-pnp-900-teile","title":"Transistor set - 900 pieces, 18 types, NPN and PNP, TO-92","description":"\u003ch3\u003eProduct overview\u003c\/h3\u003e \u003cul\u003e \u003cli\u003eSet of 900 transistors in 18 different types, 50 pieces per type\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eNPN and PNP configurations for different circuit requirements\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eTO-92 packages with three wire leads for insertion\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eVoltage range from 30 to 160 V, current rating from 50 to 1000 mA\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eOrganized storage in a box with labeled compartments\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eSilicon construction\u003c\/li\u003e \u003c\/ul\u003e \u003ch3\u003eProduct description\u003c\/h3\u003e \u003cp\u003eThis transistor set contains 900 individual semiconductor components in 18 different types for controlling and amplifying currents in circuits. The transistors come in TO-92 packages with three wire leads and are sorted in quantities of 50 per labeled compartment in a transparent box, making them easier to organize and store.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe set includes both NPN and PNP transistors, as both configurations are required for different circuit requirements. The voltage range of the included types extends from 30 to 160 V, while the current rating ranges from 50 to 1000 mA. This enables use in applications ranging from small control circuits to higher-current applications.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eWith this selection, transistors can be used to switch LEDs, relays, or small motors via microcontroller control pins, as well as to amplify signals in analog circuits or repair existing electronic assemblies. The wide range of types reduces the likelihood of not having the required transistor in stock for a project.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003ch3\u003eSafety information\u003c\/h3\u003e \u003cp\u003eTransistors can be damaged by incorrect polarity or overcurrent; check the polarity and maximum load rating of the respective type before soldering. This set is intended exclusively for building prototypes and for testing and development purposes. Work on or near electrical installations is reserved for qualified electricians; if you have questions about integration into existing circuits, consult a qualified electrician before commissioning.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003ch4\u003eScope of delivery\u003c\/h4\u003e \u003cul\u003e \u003cli\u003e1x transistor set with assorted transistors, NPN, PNP, 900 pieces\u003c\/li\u003e \u003c\/ul\u003e","brand":"Funduino","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":66045664100701,"sku":"F23107393","price":15.65,"currency_code":"EUR","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/1074\/5649\/5965\/files\/transistor-set-mit-diversen-transistoren-npn-pnp-900-teile-funduino-7222958.jpg?v=1791492172"},{"product_id":"transistor-tip122","title":"TIP122 Transistor - NPN Darlington, 100 V, 5 A","description":"\u003ch3\u003eProduct overview\u003c\/h3\u003e \u003cul\u003e \u003cli\u003eDarlington transistor with internal base-emitter resistor\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eCollector-emitter voltage up to 100 V\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eCollector current up to 5 A\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eCurrent gain of approximately 1000\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eNPN type for switching applications with low-voltage control signals\u003c\/li\u003e \u003c\/ul\u003e \u003ch3\u003eProduct description\u003c\/h3\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe TIP122 is an NPN Darlington transistor for switching loads in the low to medium current range. Its internal design, consisting of two coupled transistor stages, achieves a current gain of approximately 1000, meaning that control signals in the milliampere range are sufficient to allow currents of up to 5 A. This eliminates the need for driver ICs and control logic.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe maximum collector-emitter voltage of 100 V enables direct operation with power sources such as bench power supplies or battery packs. The internal base-emitter resistor simplifies the circuit design. As an NPN type, the transistor conducts when the base becomes positive relative to the emitter.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eApplications include switching relays and stepper motors from microcontroller outputs, driving LED arrays, regulating fan motors, and rapidly switching electromagnets in experimental setups. For higher demands on switching speed or highly precise current regulation, specialized gate driver ICs are the better choice.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe transistor requires a current-limiting resistor at the base, whose value depends on the control signal. When driven by 5 V logic, a base resistor of approximately 1 kΩ reliably brings the transistor into saturation. In the high-frequency range above a few kHz, the switching speed decreases.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003ch3\u003eSafety notice\u003c\/h3\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe TIP122 is intended exclusively for building prototypes and for testing and development purposes. Work on or near electrical installations is reserved for qualified electricians; if you are unsure about the voltage and current specifications, consult a qualified electrician before assembling the circuit. At full load, the transistor requires adequately dimensioned heat dissipation, as the power loss can be considerable.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Funduino","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":66045664919901,"sku":"F23106573","price":1.01,"currency_code":"EUR","in_stock":false}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/1074\/5649\/5965\/files\/transistor-tip122-funduino-5975352.png?v=1791491388"},{"product_id":"transistor-2sc5200-oq","title":"2SC5200 transistor - NPN, 230 V, 15 A, TO-3","description":"\u003ch3\u003eProduct Overview\u003c\/h3\u003e \u003cul\u003e \u003cli\u003eBipolar NPN power transistor with a typical gain of 100\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eMaximum collector-emitter voltage of 230 V\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eCollector current up to 15 A\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003ePower dissipation up to 150 W with cooling\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eTO-3 metal housing with three connection pins\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eDesigned for amplification and switching operations in high-power applications\u003c\/li\u003e \u003c\/ul\u003e \u003ch3\u003eProduct Description\u003c\/h3\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe 2SC5200 is an NPN power transistor used in switching amplifiers, audio power amplifiers, and switching regulators. The transistor amplifies currents up to 15 A and withstands voltages of up to 230 V between the collector and emitter. With a typical gain of 100, a relatively small base current can be used to control larger loads.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eUnder operating conditions, the power dissipation is up to 150 W. Adequate cooling is therefore essential, especially under constant load or at higher currents. The robust TO-3 metal housing allows direct attachment to heat sinks. Without cooling, operating times or load currents should be significantly reduced to prevent overheating.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe transistor is used in audio power amplifiers to drive speakers, in switching regulators for DC voltage conversion, and in high-frequency amplifiers. The component is also regularly installed in older and modern DIY switching amplifiers.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSuitable power supply is required for operation. Depending on the circuit design, the base drive requires a current source or a voltage divider. A series resistor at the base input limits the base current and prevents damage to the transistor. Detailed circuit documentation should be reviewed before assembly.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003ch3\u003eSafety Notice\u003c\/h3\u003e \u003cp\u003eReverse polarity or overcurrent can immediately destroy the transistor; significant heat is generated during operation, and contact with short-circuited connections or hot components must be avoided. This component is intended exclusively for building prototypes and for testing and development purposes. When working on circuits or if uncertain, consult a qualified electrician before commissioning.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003ch4\u003eScope of Delivery\u003c\/h4\u003e \u003cul\u003e \u003cli\u003e1x 2SC5200-O(Q) transistor\u003c\/li\u003e \u003c\/ul\u003e","brand":"Funduino","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":66045667311965,"sku":"F23105907","price":2.77,"currency_code":"EUR","in_stock":false}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/1074\/5649\/5965\/files\/transistor-2sc5200-oq-funduino-9654932.png?v=1791491108"},{"product_id":"bd137-trans-npn-transistor-60v-1-5a-12-5w","title":"BD137 transistor - NPN, 60 V, 1.5 A, 12.5 W, TO-220","description":"\u003ch3\u003eProduct Overview\u003c\/h3\u003e \u003cul\u003e \u003cli\u003eBipolar NPN transistor for DC switching and amplification in prototypes\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eBreakdown voltage up to 60 V, collector current up to 1.5 A\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003ePower dissipation up to 12.5 W\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eTO-220 package, three terminals (collector, base, emitter)\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eTypical current gain of approximately 40 to 250\u003c\/li\u003e \u003c\/ul\u003e \u003ch3\u003eProduct Description\u003c\/h3\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe BD137 is a medium-power NPN transistor for switching and amplifying direct currents. It is suitable for switching applications such as relay drivers or LED drivers, as well as for simple amplifier stages in audio projects. The TO-220 package with three terminals allows direct wiring on stripboard.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe breakdown voltage of 60 V and the maximum collector current of 1.5 A enable safe operation with supply voltages of up to approximately 50 V. The power dissipation of 12.5 W makes a heat sink necessary as soon as more than a few watts are processed continuously. The current gain between 40 and 250 is typically sufficient for digital control signals from microcontroller outputs.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe transistor is suitable, for example, for driving motors or pumps from an MCU output, switching solenoids, driving multiple LEDs in parallel, or driving optocouplers. In audio amplifiers, it serves as an output transistor for small speakers.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFor continuous operation at high power, a thermal interface between the transistor and heat sink is required. The transistor requires a protection diode connected in parallel with inductive loads such as motors or coils. A base resistor between 470 and 1000 Ω is recommended to limit the current when switching from microcontroller outputs.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003ch3\u003eSafety Notice\u003c\/h3\u003e \u003cp\u003eWhen switching inductive loads (motors, relays, coils), a flyback diode must be connected in parallel with the load to prevent damage caused by voltage spikes. Make sure the transistor is correctly oriented; incorrect installation will destroy the component. The module is intended exclusively for building prototypes and for testing and development purposes and is not suitable for installation in household electrical systems.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003ch4\u003eScope of Delivery\u003c\/h4\u003e \u003cul\u003e \u003cli\u003e1x BD137 - TRANS-NPN Transistor, 60V, 1.5A, 12.5W\u003c\/li\u003e \u003c\/ul\u003e","brand":"Funduino","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":66045681074525,"sku":"F23105917","price":0.74,"currency_code":"EUR","in_stock":true}]},{"product_id":"bs170-n-kanal-transistor-mosfet-60v-0-5a","title":"BS170 MOSFET - N-channel transistor, 60 V, 0,5 A","description":"\u003ch3\u003eProduct Overview\u003c\/h3\u003e \u003cul\u003e \u003cli\u003eN-channel MOSFET with a maximum drain-source voltage of 60 V\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eContinuous current up to 0.5 A with a gate current of just a few milliamperes\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eSOT-23 package for space-saving circuits\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eLow on-resistance enables high switching frequencies\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eDirect connection to 3.3 V and 5 V logic outputs possible\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eField-effect transistor with low gate capacitance\u003c\/li\u003e \u003c\/ul\u003e \u003ch3\u003eProduct Description\u003c\/h3\u003e \u003cp\u003eThis N-channel MOSFET switches loads of up to 60 V drain-source voltage and 0.5 A, controlled by the digital logic outputs of a microcontroller. The component requires virtually no gate current for switching, so outputs from 3.3 V and 5 V boards can be driven directly without the need for series resistors or driver modules.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe transistor uses field-effect control: a low potential at the gate blocks the channel, while a high potential opens it and connects the drain and source. The low on-resistance allows high switching frequencies and produces only minimal heat dissipation at the specified currents.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eApplications include low-power switching tasks, such as controlling LEDs via current sources, switching small coils for relay triggers, modulating signal outputs, or performing binary switching operations in test and development setups. The component can also be used as a driver stage for larger power MOSFETs.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe SOT-23 package has three connections (gate, drain, source). For operation above approximately 30 V or at higher continuous currents, a heatsink or a more powerful transistor is recommended; the blocking voltage must not exceed 60 V.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003ch3\u003eSafety Information\u003c\/h3\u003e \u003cp\u003eWhen switching inductive loads such as coils or motors, flyback diodes are required to limit voltage spikes. This component is intended exclusively for building prototypes and for testing and development purposes. Work on or near electrical installations is reserved for qualified electricians; if anything is unclear, consult a qualified electrician before commissioning.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003ch4\u003eScope of Delivery\u003c\/h4\u003e \u003cul\u003e \u003cli\u003e1x BS170 - N-channel transistor, MOSFET, 60V, 0.5A\u003c\/li\u003e \u003c\/ul\u003e","brand":"Funduino","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":66045682876765,"sku":"F23105919","price":1.67,"currency_code":"EUR","in_stock":true}]},{"product_id":"uln2803apg-darlington-npn-transistor-50v-500ma-dip-18","title":"ULN2803APG transistor array - 8-channel Darlington, 50 V, 500 mA, DIP-18","description":"\u003ch3\u003eProduct overview\u003c\/h3\u003e \u003cul\u003e \u003cli\u003eIntegrated array of eight Darlington transistors in a DIP package\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eBreakdown voltage up to 50 V, collector current per transistor 500 mA\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eInternal flyback diodes for protection with inductive loads\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eDirect control by 5 V logic from standard microcontrollers\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eTotal collector current limit of 2.5 A across all transistors\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eIntegrated base-emitter resistors for reliable saturation\u003c\/li\u003e \u003c\/ul\u003e \u003ch3\u003eProduct description\u003c\/h3\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe array of eight Darlington transistors is used to amplify and switch medium-current loads from digital control signals. The design combines all transistors on a single chip; the base and emitter of each individual transistor are brought out externally, while the common collector negative terminal is connected to pin 9.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe transistors can be driven directly from microcontroller outputs. The base resistors integrated into the DIP package reliably keep each transistor in saturation. The 50 V breakdown rating enables safe operation in 24 V applications and with typical laboratory power supply setups. Switching operation of an individual transistor is limited to 500 mA; however, the total of all eight outputs must not exceed 2.5 A.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe built-in flyback diodes protect the transistor chip from voltage spikes caused by inductive loads such as relay coils or DC motors. Typical applications include controlling groups of eight LEDs from a control circuit, driver logic for several small motor signals, or safely activating groups of relays. In robotics projects, these arrays are often used to control multiple motors or valves in parallel.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eOperation requires a microcontroller board and a suitable power supply for the controlled loads. The DIP-40 pin layout fits standard breadboards. If all eight transistors are loaded simultaneously with high current, the total current limit of 2.5 A must be observed.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003ch3\u003eSafety information\u003c\/h3\u003e \u003cp\u003eThis module is intended exclusively for building prototypes and for testing and development purposes; it is not intended for installation in household electrical circuits. Work on or near electrical installations must be carried out by a qualified electrician; if anything is unclear, consult a qualified electrician before commissioning.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003ch4\u003ePackage contents\u003c\/h4\u003e \u003cul\u003e \u003cli\u003e1x ULN2803APG - Darlington NPN transistor, 50V, 500mA, DIP-18\u003c\/li\u003e \u003c\/ul\u003e","brand":"Funduino","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":66045686219101,"sku":"F23105968","price":1.23,"currency_code":"EUR","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/1074\/5649\/5965\/files\/uln2803apg-darlington-npn-transistor-50v-500ma-dip-18-funduino-6614184.jpg?v=1791493115"}],"url":"https:\/\/funduino.com\/en\/collections\/transistors-1.oembed","provider":"Funduino","version":"1.0","type":"link"}